Users, Groups, and Permissions Matrix

Understand how users, groups, and administrator-level accounts divide access so one machine can be used safely by different people and processes.

Inspect identities, groups, and local accounts from the command line, starting with safe read-first commands before making account changes.

Understand the basic permission models in Linux and Windows, and make small, safe permission changes without treating access control like magic.

Understand temporary privilege elevation in Windows and Linux so you can perform administrative work deliberately instead of staying permanently over-privileged.

Master the command-line tools for spawning new users, defining their environment, and modifying their attributes.

Read Linux permission strings confidently and explain what read, write, and execute mean for files versus directories.

Translate basic rwx patterns into numeric modes such as 644, 755, and 600 so common Linux permission states become recognizable and usable.